The 29th UN Climate Conference (COP29) in Baku, Azerbaijan, brought over 65,000 global stakeholders together to drive the global climate agenda forward. From setting climate finance targets to advancing ESG frameworks, several outcomes stand out for businesses seeking to enhance their sustainability strategies.
1. Advancements in Carbon Markets: Article 6: COP29 achieved major progress in operationalizing Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, which governs global carbon markets. Key developments include a clear structure for international carbon credit transactions and enhanced safeguards to protect Indigenous rights and environmental integrity. Businesses can leverage these mechanisms to engage in credible carbon trading, a critical tool for meeting net-zero commitments.
“This cross-border cooperation is expected to reduce the cost of implementing countries’ national climate plans (NDCs) by up to $250 billion per year” said the COP29 presidency. As the supervisory body develops its 2025 action plan, companies should prepare to integrate these frameworks into their decarbonization strategies.
2. New ISO ESG Implementation Principles: The launch of ISO ESG Implementation Principles at COP29 offers a global framework for embedding ESG practices within organizations. These principles aim to standardize ESG reporting by providing a universal language for measuring and communicating sustainability efforts.
By fostering consistency and comparability across industries, the implementation practices enable organizations to mitigate risks proactively while aligning with evolving stakeholder expectations. For companies navigating complex reporting frameworks, these principles represent a significant step toward transparency and accountability.
3. CDP-GRI Collaboration: CDP (Carbon Disclosure Project) and GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) are two leading organizations in the ESG reporting space. CDP focuses on environmental disclosure, particularly related to climate change, water security, and forests, while GRI provides comprehensive standards for sustainability reporting across environmental, social, and governance dimensions.
Their recent Memorandum of Understanding signals a major step toward streamlined reporting. By integrating CDP’s disclosure system with GRI Standards, this collaboration aims to reduce complexity for businesses navigating multiple reporting frameworks. The alignment will improve the quality and comparability of corporate environmental disclosures, making it easier for organizations to meet growing investor and stakeholder demands for credible, actionable sustainability data.
Looking Ahead
COP29 also saw the introduction of ambitious climate finance targets and updates to nationally determined contributions (NDCs). However, limited progress on fossil fuel transitions highlights the need for public-private collaboration. As businesses prepare for COP30 in Brazil, aligning strategies with emerging ESG standards, carbon markets, and collaborative disclosure systems will drive impact and stay competitive in a rapidly evolving sustainability landscape.
References:
UN Climate Change Conference Baku – November 2024 | UNFCCC
COP29 Agrees International Carbon Market Standards | UNFCCC
ISO – International guidance launched to support organizations in navigating ESG challenges
GRI – CDP and GRI deepen collaboration to streamline environmental disclosure